Department of Defense Harbors Thousands of Native Remains, Including Four Ancestors at Fallon Bombing Range

Longest Walk 2013 near Fallon, Nevada. Photo by Western Shoshone Bad Bear Sampson.

The Department of Defense harbors thousands of Native Remains, including four Native Americans at the Navy's Fallon bombing range. Native Hawaiians struggle for the return of their ancestors, while new information exposes grave robbers and Native remains held at military bases.

By Brenda Norrell

Censored News

Translated to French by Christine Prat

https://chrisp.lautre.net/wpblog/?p=7687

Part II: Napalm Burn Pit

https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/02/the-napalm-burn-pit-at-fallon.html

The Defense Department has the remains of four Native Americans taken from the land of the Naval Airbase in Fallon, Nevada. It is the military base that was expanded by Congress and President Biden in the defense spending bill for 2023.

It is the expansion that Paiute Journalist Myron Dewey died trying to halt. On the day before his death, Dewey live-streamed at the bombing range, warning of the continued genocide from the Navy Seals bombing on sacred land. At the same time, the Nevada Congressional delegation pushed for expansion.

Dewey -- at the bombing range, the day before he was killed when a truck pulled into his lane on an isolated dirt road near Yomba -- described the destruction of the sacred by both mining and the bombing range, warning of both the expansion and the planned mining of lithium at the Paiute Massacre site at Thacker Pass.

"I am a survivor of a mass genocide across the United States."

“Nevada has become the military’s litter box,” said Ruth Danner of Winnemucca, Nevada. Danner's response to the bombing range expansion is included in more than 1,900 pages of the final environmental impact statement, with widespread opposition to the expansion.

Ian Zabarte, representing the Western Shoshone, said the bombing range expansion is trespass on land that does not belong to the United States and violates the Treaty of Ruby Valley.

Paiute leaders also opposed the expansion, which was approved in December by the U.S. government. Earlier, the Fallon Paiute-Shoshone Nation spent years in court, and battling Nevada State Museum, and the BLM, for the return of their ancestor and belongings from Spirit Cave, from 10,000 years ago.

Childhood leukemia cancer clusters in the Fallon area resulted in public health concerns over jet fuel spills in 2003. The public health assessment revealed napalm oil was being burned. 

Lands where the Department of Defense took Native ancestors

(Image) Department of Defense -- The areas shown in orange are places where the Department of Defense took ancestors' remains and has not made the ancestors available for return. The green areas show where ancestors' remains were taken from that are available for return. Please go to ProPublica's database to learn more by selecting each site. https://projects.propublica.org/repatriation-nagpra-database/institution/us-department-defense/

The U.S. Department of Defense harbors thousands of Native remains, including 1,605 remains of Native Hawaiians from Honolulu County in Hawaii, as a result of grave robbing, bounty hunters, museum collections, racist experiments, and development which Native Hawaiians never approved.

"Why does the Department of Defense have so many human remains of Native people?"

This question leads to the struggle of Native Hawaiians for the return of their relatives and the genocidal march of Pit River. The Federal Register notices reveal the names of grave robbers, and those who rob graves in name of science.

The Federal Register notices reveal the names of individuals, like the sugar cane plantation owner in Hawaii who worked earlier as a merchant in the genocidal gold rush in California. There is a long list of grave robbers in New Mexico who robbed graves for museums. The new database at ProPublica reveals some of the lands where there are now military bases, where Native ancestors were taken from, in Washington state, Nevada and North Carolina. 

The Defense Department also has 548 remains of Native people taken from Ventura County in California.

The Defense Department also harbored Pueblos. In Sandoval County, New Mexico, home to 12 of the 19 Pueblos, 233 ancestors' remains were made available for return.

Although these ancestors' remains have been made available for return, the Department of Defense still holds 1,800 Native remains taken from across the United States that it has not made available for return, as required under the Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act. 

While the Department of Defense has made hundreds of remains available for return to Indian Nations that were taken from Washington state, Oregon, and Oklahoma -- ancestors' remains in the southeast, from Florida to Texas, and along the east coast have not been made available for return.

From north to south in the state of South Dakota, the Department of Defense has remains that are available for return, and other ancestors' remains that are not available for return.

Military bases removed ancestors

At the Marine Corps Camp Lejeune in North Carolina, 214 Native remains were taken and were not available for return. At Whidbey Island Naval Air Station and Port Hadlock Detachment in northwest Washington, Native ancestors were removed. Fifteen ancestors' remains from Whidbey were made available for return, and six from Port Hadlock.

Ethnic cleansing and genocide in Shasta County

In northern California, the Department of Defense took seven remains from Shasta County and has not made these available for return. In all, the Department of Defense took 700 Native ancestors from places in California.

On a walk of remembrance of the genocide, ethnic cleansing and forced marches of the Pit River people in Shasta County, Danita Quinn said, 'Sometimes spirits get trapped or 'stuck' in places so to speak. Having these ceremonies helps return them to a place of peace. Kelda Britton shares this history. https://shastascout.org/return-of-the-ancestors-commemorates-pit-river-survival-during-forced-military-marches/

Native Hawaiians struggle for the return of their ancestors

Decades after racist scientists looted their graves, thousands of Native Hawaiian bodies still sit in military bunkers, reports San Francisco Gate.

Many Native ancestors' remains were intentionally disinterred by white anthropologists.

The ancestors' remains were "sent to the Bishop Museum, where scientists who considered Hawaii a 'racial laboratory' studied them to further bigoted pseudo-sciences, including eugenics, the so-called 'science" of creating "perfect' human beings."

"For decades, the Bishop Museum, still Hawaii’s preeminent cultural history museum, was a collector of iwi kupuna, many of them from the Mokapu Peninsula, now most widely known as the home of Marine Corps Base Hawaii. The museum’s director even offered bounties for the remains of Native Hawaiians, effectively turning grave robbery into a scavenger hunt."

"All told, the iwi, or skeletal remains, of as many as 3,000 babies, teens and adults were taken from Mokapu and given to the Bishop Museum between 1915 and 1993. For much of that time, the museum lent the collection out regularly to anthropologists for study, including eugenicists and other race 'scientists,'" writes Christine Hitt in SF Gate. https://www.sfgate.com/hawaii/article/Native-Hawaiian-graves-dug-up-Mokapu-Hawaii-17217662.php

Federal Register notices reveal grave robbers' names

The recent notices in the Federal Register reveal how museums obtained Native remains from grave robbers. Norwegian sugar cane plantation owner Valdemar Knudsen in Hawaii, who was earlier a merchant in California during the gold rush, was one of those who sent Native Hawaiian remains to museums.

These notices are the way museums seek compliance with the NAGPRA law.

The Federal Register states:

At an unknown date, human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed from the vicinity of Waimea in Kauai County, HI. The human remains consist of an adult cranium that was collected by Valdemar Knudsen. Initially, these human remains were donated to the Smithsonian Institution. In February of 1869, they were transferred to the Army Medical Museum (today the National Museum of Health and Medicine). The cranium exhibits a healed depression fracture to the frontal bone. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present. (Nov. 7, 2022) https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2022/11/07/2022-24226/notice-of-inventory-completion-us-department-of-defense-defense-health-agency-national-museum-of

Vassar College in New York has Native Hawaiian remains

On Monday, in a notice in the Federal Register on Monday, Vassar College in New York notified Native Hawaiians of their ancestors.

Human remains representing, at minimum, four individuals were removed from Maalaea, Maui County, HI. During the 1920s, these human remains (030 Box; 380 Box; 577; Mandible 9) were acquired by Vassar College's Natural History and Social Museums. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/01/30/2023-01844/notice-of-inventory-completion-vassar-college-poughkeepsie-ny

Also on Monday, in the Federal Register, Michigan State University notified Native remains from Sacramento County, Calif., that they held ancestors that were 7,000 years old.

Human remains representing, at minimum, one individual were removed from Sacramento County, CA. On an unknown date, this individual was acquired by Kalamazoo resident Donald Boudeman, who collected Native American material culture during the first half of the twentieth century. In July of 1961, some years after her husband's death, Donna Boudeman donated these human remains to the Michigan State University Museum. The Museum's record indicates the remains of this individual were recovered from a mound in Sacramento County, CA. Mounds in this region could be as much as 7,000 years old. No known individual was identified. No associated funerary objects are present.

There is a relationship of shared group identity that can be reasonably traced between the human remains described in this notice and the Buena Vista Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of California; California Valley Miwok Tribe, California; Ione Band of Miwok Indians of California; Jackson Band of Miwuk Indians ( previously listed as Jackson Rancheria of Me-Wuk Indians of California); Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians, Shingle Springs Rancheria (Verona Tract), California; United Auburn Indian Community of the Auburn Rancheria of California; and the Wilton Rancheria, California. (Federal Register. National Park Service, Jan. 30. 2023)

https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2023/01/30/2023-01848/notice-of-inventory-completion-michigan-state-university-east-lansing-mi

The Department of Defense database in ProPublica shows the number of ancestors that have not been made available for institutions, as required by NAGPRA.

The list begins with 223 ancestors being held by the Army Mobile District, and only 23 being made available for return, which is 9 percent. The list also shows that there are four Native American ancestors being held by the Naval Airforce Base at the bombing range in Fallon, Nevada, that have not been made available for return.

The Dept. of Defense reported Native American remains from 61 sub-institutions.

https://projects.propublica.org/repatriation-nagpra-database/institution/us-department-defense/

Sub-institution Remains: Not Made Available for Return -- Remains Made Available for Return--% of Remains Made Available for Return

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE (Corps of Engineers) Mobile District 223 23 9%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, St. Louis District 217 308 59%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Marine Corps, Camp Lejeune 214 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Tulsa District 203 154 43%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Omaha District 191 217 53%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Nashville District 144 184 56%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Defense Health Agency, National Museum of Health and Medicine 124 55 31%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Fort Worth District 106 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Rock Island District 81 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Little Rock District 74 88 54%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Bliss 56 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Vicksburg District 51 8 14%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Hunter Liggett 34 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Pittsburgh District 20 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Southwest Naval Facilities Engineering Command 16 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Galveston District 13 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Norfolk District 9 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Baltimore District 7 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Kansas City District 6 40 87%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Leonard Wood 6 22 79%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Savannah District 6 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Radford Army Ammunition Plant 5 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, White Sands Missile Range 5 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Naval Air Station, Fallon 4 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Aberdeen Proving Ground 3 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Walla Walla District 2 282 99%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, St. Paul District 2 35 95%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Hurlburt Air Field 2 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Benning 1 26 96%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Patrick Space Force Base 1 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Los Angeles District 1 0 0%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Marine Corps, Hawaii 0 1,582 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy 0 606 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Albuquerque District 0 280 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Portland District 0 211 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Coastal Systems Substation 0 171 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Huntington District 0 90 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Hood 0 61 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Charleston District 0 59 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Campbell 0 53 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Presidio of Monterey 0 17 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Marine Corps, Camp Pendleton 0 17 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army COE, Sacramento District 0 16 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, 15th Airlift Wing, Hickam Air Force Base 0 15 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Whidbey Island Naval Air Station 0 15 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Naval Air Weapons Station, China Lake 0 14 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Vandenberg Air Force Base 0 13 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Sill 0 13 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Pacific Division, Naval Facilities Engineering Command 0 12 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Redstone Arsenal 0 11 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Southeast 0 10 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Edwards Air Force Base 0 9 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Kamehameha 0 9 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Navy, Port Hadlock Detachment 0 6 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Shafter 0 5 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Pohakuloa Army Recreation Center 0 2 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Elmendorf Air Force Base 0 1 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, AF, Luke Air Force Base 0 1 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Polk 0 1 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Fort Stewart 0 1 100%

U.S. Dept. of Defense, Army, Installation Management Agency-Army Reserve Office 0 1 100%


Department of Defense Remains Made Available for Return 

https://projects.propublica.org/repatriation-nagpra-database/institution/us-department-defense/

Hui Malama I Na Kupuna O Hawai'i Nei 1,628

Office of Hawaiian Affairs 1,616

O'ahu Island Burial Council 1,596

Native Hawaiian Organizations 1,583

Ka Lahui Hawaii 1,582

Kekumano 'Ohana 1,582

Ko'olauloa Hawaiian Civic Club 1,582

Van Horn Diamond 'Ohana 1,582

Pauma Band of Luiseno Mission Indians of the Pauma and Yuima Reservation, California 565

Pechanga Band of Luiseno Mission Indians of the Pechanga Reservation, California 565

Rincon Band of Luiseno Mission Indians of the Rincon Reservation, California 565

Santa Ynez Band of Chumash Mission Indians of the Santa Ynez Reservation, California 561

Confederated Tribes and Bands of the Yakama Nation 437

Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska 348

Sac and Fox Nation, Oklahoma 348

Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa348

Confederated Tribes of the Umatilla Indian Reservation301

Confederated Tribes of the Warm Springs Reservation of Oregon 299

Nez Perce Tribe285

Confederated Tribes of the Colville Reservation 275

Cherokee Nation 241

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians 241

United Keetoowah Band of Cherokee Indians in Oklahoma 241

Three Affiliated Tribes of the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota 236

Pueblo of Cochiti, New Mexico 233

Caddo Nation of Oklahoma 199

Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians 171

Comanche Nation, Oklahoma 150

Muscogee (Creek) Nation 105

Cheyenne and Arapaho Tribes, Oklahoma 97

Kiowa Indian Tribe of Oklahoma 97

Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma 90

Eastern Shawnee Tribe of Oklahoma 90

Shawnee Tribe 90

Northern Arapaho Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming 87

Crow Creek Sioux Tribe of the Crow Creek Reservation, South Dakota 85

Wichita and Affiliated Tribes (Wichita, Keechi, Waco and Tawakonie), Oklahoma 84

Santee Sioux Nation, Nebraska 78

Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation, South Dakota 78

Wanapum Band 77

Kaw Nation, Oklahoma 63

Omaha Tribe of Nebraska 62

Ponca Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma 62

Ponca Tribe of Nebraska 62

Yankton Sioux Tribe of South Dakota 60

Catawba Indian Nation 59

Barrow Inupiat Traditional Government, Native Village of 56

The Seminole Nation of Oklahoma 54

Thlopthlocco Tribal Town 54

Chickasaw Nation 51

Apache Tribe of Oklahoma 49

Jicarilla Apache Nation, New Mexico 47

Alabama-Quassarte Tribal Town, Oklahoma 44

Kialegee Tribal Town 44

Assiniboine and Sioux Tribes of the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana 43

Cheyenne River Sioux Tribe of the Cheyenne River Reservation, South Dakota 43

Lower Brule Sioux Tribe of the Lower Brule Reservation, South Dakota 43

Oglala Sioux Tribe 43

Rosebud Sioux Tribe of the Rosebud Indian Reservation, South Dakota 43

Spirit Lake Tribe, North Dakota 43

Standing Rock Sioux Tribe of North and South Dakota 43

Northern Cheyenne Tribe of the Northern Cheyenne Indian Reservation, Montana41

Crow Tribe of Montana 40

Delaware Nation, Oklahoma 40

Delaware Tribe of Indians 40

Iowa Tribe of Kansas and Nebraska 40

Iowa Tribe of Oklahoma 40

Kickapoo Tribe of Indians of the Kickapoo Reservation in Kansas 40

Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma 40

Otoe-Missouria Tribe of Indians, Oklahoma 40

Pawnee Nation of Oklahoma 40

Prairie Band of Potawatomi Nation 40

Winnebago Tribe of Nebraska 40

Flandreau Santee Sioux Tribe of South Dakota 38

Lower Sioux Indian Community in the State of Minnesota 38

Prairie Island Indian Community in the State of Minnesota 38

Shakopee Mdewakanton Sioux Community of Minnesota 38

Upper Sioux Community, Minnesota 38

Miccosukee Tribe of Indians 37

Poarch Band of Creek Indians 37

Seminole Tribe of Florida 37

Picayune Rancheria of Chukchansi Indians of California 33

Santa Rosa Indian Community of the Santa Rosa Rancheria, California 33

Table Mountain Rancheria 33

Tule River Indian Tribe of the Tule River Reservation, California 33

Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma 29

Tuolumne Band of Me-Wuk Indians of the Tuolumne Rancheria of California 27

Alabama-Coushatta Tribe of Texas 26

Coushatta Tribe of Louisiana 26

Osage Nation 22

Quapaw Nation 22

La Jolla Band of Luiseno Indians, California 18

Pala Band of Mission Indians 18

Soboba Band of Luiseno Indians, California 18

Aloha First 15

Kaiwi Olelo O'Hawaii 15

Nation of Hawaii 15

Pu'uhonua O Waimanalo 15

Swinomish Indian Tribal Community 15

Koa Mana 14

San Pasqual Band of Diegueno Mission Indians of California 14

Timbisha Shoshone Tribe 14

Confederated Tribes of Siletz Indians of Oregon 12

Confederated Tribes of the Grand Ronde Community of Oregon 12

Tonkawa Tribe of Indians of Oklahoma 12

Big Sandy Rancheria of Western Mono Indians of California 10

Cold Springs Rancheria of Mono Indians of California 10

Northfork Rancheria of Mono Indians of California 10

Chemehuevi Indian Tribe of the Chemehuevi Reservation, California 9

Colorado River Indian Tribes of the Colorado River Indian Reservation, Arizona and California 9

Morongo Band of Mission Indians, California 9

Yuhaaviatam of San Manuel Nation 9

Jamestown S'Klallam Tribe 8

Fort Sill Apache Tribe of Oklahoma 7

Klamath Tribes 6

Modoc Nation 6

Tinoqui-Chalola Council of Kitanemuk 6

Wukchumni Tribe of Yokut Indians 6

Yowlumne Tejon Indians 6

Hawaii Island Burial Council 5

Confederated Tribes of the Coos, Lower Umpqua and Siuslaw Indians of Oregon 3

Cow Creek Band of Umpqua Tribe of Indians 3

Kauai/Niihau Island Burial Council 3

Molokai Island Burial Council 3

Qawalangin Tribe of Unalaska 3

Blackfeet Tribe of the Blackfeet Indian Reservation of Montana 2

Lineal Descendant 2

Lower Elwha Tribal Community 2

Port Gamble S'Klallam Tribe 2

Seneca Nation of Indians 2

Seneca-Cayuga Nation 2

Tonawanda Band of Seneca 2

Ak-Chin Indian Community 1

Aleut Corporation 1

Atka, Native Village of1

Big Pine Paiute Tribe of the Owens Valley 1

Bishop Paiute Tribe 1

Bridgeport Indian Colony 1

Duckwater Shoshone Tribe of the Duckwater Reservation, Nevada 1

Eastern Shoshone Tribe of the Wind River Reservation, Wyoming 1

Ely Shoshone Tribe of Nevada 1

Fort McDermitt Paiute and Shoshone Tribes of the Fort McDermitt Indian Reservation, Nevada and Oregon 1

Gila River Indian Community of the Gila River Indian Reservation, Arizona 1

Hopi Tribe of Arizona 1

Las Vegas Tribe of Paiute Indians of the Las Vegas Indian Colony, Nevada 1

Lone Pine Paiute-Shoshone Tribe 1

Lovelock Paiute Tribe of the Lovelock Indian Colony, Nevada 1

Navajo Nation, Arizona, New Mexico and Utah 1

Northwestern Band of Shoshoni Nation 1

Paiute Indian Tribe of Utah 1

Paiute-Shoshone Tribe of the Fallon Reservation and Colony, Nevada 1

Quechan Tribe of the Fort Yuma Indian Reservation, California and Arizona 1

Reno-Sparks Indian Colony, Nevada 1

Salt River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community of the Salt River Reservation, Arizona 1

Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of the Fort Hall Reservation 1

Shoshone-Paiute Tribes of the Duck Valley Reservation, Nevada 1

Southern Ute Indian Tribe of the Southern Ute Reservation, Colorado 1

Susanville Indian Rancheria, California 1

Te-Moak Tribe of Western Shoshone Indians of Nevada 1

Tohono O'odham Nation of Arizona 1

Ute Indian Tribe of the Uintah and Ouray Reservation, Utah 1

Washoe Tribe of Nevada & California 1

Yomba Shoshone Tribe of the Yomba Reservation, Nevada 1

Zuni Tribe of the Zuni Reservation, New Mexico 1



Notes:

Fallon bombing range: Childhood leukemia cancer cluster resulted in public health concern over jet fuel spills in 2003. The public health assessment revealed napalm oil was being burned.  https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/hac/pha/fallonpha/finalpha.pdf

Government accounting office in 2010: Fallon bombing range (



https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-10-768.pdf

Final environmental impact statements for Fallon bombing expansion January, 2020.

https://frtcmodernization.com/portals/FRTCModernization/files/final_eis/section/FRTCMFEISAppendixFPubCommRespJanuary2020.pd

(Below) Fallon Naval Testing range, airspace, restricted areas and mining claims

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fallon_Range_Training_Complex#/media/File:Figure_2-_Mining_Claims_Near_Fallon_Range_Training_Complex_(16024255036).jpg

Read the full article, and the series, at Censored News:

University of California Berkeley Leads in Native Grave Robbing
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Museums Harbor Thousands of Apache Remains: Interview with San Carlos Councilman concerning Yale's Skull and Bones Society, and Geronimo.
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/museums-harboring-thousands-of-apache.html

Phoenix: Heard Museum Harboring O'otham and O'odham Remains
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/phoenix-heard-museum-harbored-ootham.html

Department of Defense Harbors Native Remains, including Four Native Ancestors at Fallon Navy Bombing Range in Nevada
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/department-of-defense-harbors-thousands.html
://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/phoenix-heard-museum-harbored-ootham.html

Smithsonian without Ethics or Morality
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/smithsonian-without-ethics-or-morality.html

The Smithsonian is Missing
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/the-smithsonian-is-missing-racist-dark.html

New Database Reveals where Native Ancestors are Being Held
https://bsnorrell.blogspot.com/2023/01/new-database-reveals-where-native.html

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Article copyright Brenda Norrell, Censored News. Top photo copyright Carl Bad Bear Sampson. May not be republished without written permission.