March 14, 2007
Center for Biological Diversity: Court halts wastewater snow on sacred mountain
For Immediate Release, March 14, 2007
Contacts:
Kieran Suckling, Center for Biological Diversity, (520) 623-5252 Howard Shanker, The Shanker Law Firm, (480) 838-9300
Federal Court Overturns Artificial Snowmaking, Protecting Peaks and Tribal Religious Rights
TUCSON, Ariz.– The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals in San Francisco blocked the U.S. Forest Service’s authorization of a plan to make snow from recycled wastewater at an Arizona ski resort on Monday. The Arizona Snowbowl is in the San Francisco Peaks, a mountain held sacred by at least 13 American Indian tribes.
Said Kieran Suckling of the Center for Biological Diversity, one of the plaintiffs, “The judge saw through the Forest Service’s and Snowbowl’s combined arrogance, greed and disrespect in their attempt to introduce treated sewage to a sacred space that’s significant to many of the region’s tribes.”
The Navajo Nation, Havasupai Tribe, Hopi Tribe, Hualapai Tribe, White Mountain Apache, Yavapai-Apache Nation, Sierra Club, Flagstaff Activist Network and several named individuals in addition to the Center complained that the use of treated sewage to make artificial snow at the resort would violate the Religious Freedom Restoration Act. The groups also argued that this plan had not been sufficiently reviewed for safety to people, plants, fish and animals living on the mountain and streams receiving runoff.
According to Howard Shanker, attorney for the plaintiffs: "Native Americans have essentially been deprived of their ability to protect sacred sites that have come under the control of the federal government. This void in the protection of religious freedoms that the rest of us take for granted has, in many instances, led to the untenable misuse and misallocation of federal lands. This case provides a glimmer of hope for all people of conscience that are committed to protecting and preserving Native cultural and religious practices. Today, the Ninth Circuit confirmed the existence of a legal remedy that will, hopefully, require the federal government to consider its land use decisions more closely when they impact Native American religious practices."
Judge William Fletcher wrote the 64-page decision that reversed the district court’s ruling in favor of the Snowbowl snow-making plan, dismissing claims that the Forest Service had a “compelling governmental interest” in permitting the sewage snow-making plan:
“Even if there is a substantial threat that the Snowbowl will close entirely as a commercial ski area, we are not convinced that there is a compelling governmental interest in allowing the Snowbowl to make artificial snow from treated sewage effluent to avoid that result. We are struck by the obvious fact that the Peaks are located in a desert. It is (and always has been) predictable that some winters will be dry… The current owners now propose to change these natural conditions by adding treated sewage effluent. Under some circumstances, such a proposal might be permissible or even desirable. But in this case, we cannot conclude that authorizing the proposed use of treated sewage effluent is justified by a compelling governmental interest in providing public recreation.”
The three-judge appeals panel ruled that the Forest Service decision to allow a reclaimed wastewater reservoir and the use of this water for artificial snow violated the tribes’ religious freedoms.
Judge Fletcher wrote: “From time immemorial, they have relied on the Peaks, and the purity of the Peaks’ water, as an integral part of their religious beliefs. The Forest Service and the Snowbowl now propose to put treated sewage effluent on the Peaks. To get some sense of equivalence, it may be useful to imagine the effect on Christian beliefs and practices — and the imposition that Christians would experience — if the government were to require that baptisms be carried out with ‘reclaimed water.’”
The panel also agreed with the plaintiffs’ claim that the National Environmental Policy Act had been violated by the lack of analysis of the risks posed by human ingestion of reclaimed wastewater in the Environmental Impact Statement.
Referring to one of the responses to comments in the Environmental Impact Statement, Judge Fletcher stated: “The response does not answer the specific and highly relevant question: How much direct exposure to the artificial snow is safe? Nor does the response provide any analysis of the extent of the likely ‘exposure,’ including the likelihood that children or adults would accidentally or intentionally ingest the snow made from non-potable treated sewage effluent.”
The Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals decision can be found at:http://www.ca9.uscourts.gov/ca9/newopinions.nsf/64C37FB597BF2F848825729C0058BFE8/$file/0615371.pdf?openelement
Indigenous Action: Sacred Peaks Victory for Cultural Survival
9th Circuit Court Rules to Protect Sacred Peaks
Landmark Ruling Celebrated as a Victory for Religious Freedom, Environmental Justice & Cultural Survival
Flagstaff, AZ -- On Monday, March 12th the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals issued its ruling to protect a mountain held holy by more than 13 Native American Nations. The slopes of the San Francisco Peaks, located in Northern Arizona, have been at the center of a historical and lengthy battle that has pitted economic interests on public lands against environmental integrity, public health and cultural survival..A local ski resort planned to expand and use treated waste effluent to make snow.
Yesterday, a federal court appeals panel issued the unanimous decision written by Judge William A. Fletcher. "We reverse the decision of the district court in part. We hold that the Forest Service’s approval of the Snowbowl’s use of recycled sewage effluent to make artificial snow on the San Francisco Peaks violates [Religious Freedom Restoration Act] RFRA, and that in one respect the Final Environmental Impact Statement prepared in this case does not comply with NEPA [National Environmental Policy Act]."
More than 100 supporters gathered at an afternoon press conference near the base of the Sacred Peaks to celebrate. Tribal Leaders, Environmental Groups and representatives of the community based group the Save the Peaks Coalition spoke of the victory.
“This is a very important decision that sets great precedent for people who are concerned with Native American rights and religious freedom” said Howard Shanker, of the Shanker Law Firm, PLC, representing the Navajo Nation, the White Mountain Apache Tribe, the Yavapai-Apache Tribe, the Havasupai Tribe, Rex Tilousi, Dianna Uqualla, the Sierra Club, the Center for Biological Diversity, and the Flagstaff Activist Network.
“Because of this decision in the 9th circuit, other tribes throughout the nation could have the ability to rely on this case to help protect sites that are sacred to them and culturally and religiously important” Mr. Shanker said.
Mr. Shanker stated “the other thing that this court recognized in this decision which is important for all of us in Arizona is the fact that A+ treated water is not potable water. You can’t drink it.”
The 64 page ruling also states, "If Appellants do not have a valid RFRA claim in this case, we are unable to see how any Native American plaintiff can ever have a successful RFRA claim based on beliefs and practices tied to land that they hold sacred."
Ben Navumsa, Chairman of the Hopi Tribe stated, “The Hopi Tribe is immensely gratified by the 9th circuit decision, which explicitly recognizes the Hopi Tribes deep spiritual, traditional and cultural connection to the SF peaks which we call Nuvatukaovi.”
“The making of snow with sewage on the home of the Kachinas was a dire threat to the centuries old link between Kachina, Nuvatukaovi and the Hopi. The 9th Circuit Decision recognizes the importance of the Hopi’s bond to the mountain and protects that bond. In so doing, the decision of the court ensures Hopi people’s ability to continue their way of life.” stated Hopi Chairman Mr. Navumsa.
Jamie Fulmer, Chairman of the Yavapai Apache tribe stated, “We are gratified to learn that the appeal has been won. The San Francisco Peaks are a sacred mountain to us as we testified during the appeals hearing. We are honored to know that our native voice is still heard.”
“This decision by the federal appeals court tells us that even in the current environment of development at all costs the United States appeals process stands for justice and the American justice system is capable of doing what is right when the facts are fully known. This is not just a victory for our elders and tribal traditions, but for all people of faith across the country. This confirms to us that when a few stand up for what is right everyone benefits.” Mr. Fulmer stated.
Navajo Nation President Joe Shirley Jr. stated, “What I think this ultimately means is that it goes towards that, preserving our way of life, preserving my prayer, my sacred song, my sacred sites, my mother – the San Francisco Peaks. Years have been added to my life. I can’t express how happy I am. As a people, we’re elated.”
Judge William A. Fletcher states, “We are unwilling to hold that authorizing the use of artificial snow at an already functioning commercial ski area in order to expand and improve its facilities, as well as to extend its ski season in dry years, is a governmental interest ‘of the highest order.’”
Rudy Preston of the Flagstaff Activist Network stated, “Snowbowl tried to push for too much. We knew that the lower court ruling was wrong and we are grateful that the 9th Circuit recognized that too. We have no intentions of closing down the ski area, if Snowbowl can’t manage their resort than maybe they’re in the wrong business.”
“Snowbowl’s economic arguments have been completely shattered. The court decision clearly states that Snowbowl will not go out of business if it continues to rely on natural snow. The courts and the Forest Service EIS and the Courts recognized that the ski area is not a significant driver of the winter economy of the small city of Flagstaff” stated Mr. Preston.
Klee Benally, a volunteer with the Save the Peaks Coalition said, “This has been a struggle that has created painful division in our community. The actions of the Forest Service and Snowbowl have created many wounds, but today we can say lets let the wounds heal. We recognize this ruling upholds human rights that we have been denied for too long. We urge Snowbowl and the Forest Service to respect the ruling that has been issued by the 9th Circuit Court and not appeal.”
Carly Long, of the Flagstaff Activist Network said, “Today is a triumph in the face of the ever present threats to cultural and environmental justice and heritage. The Peaks represent and hold different meaning for all people, but it is and has been evident how much support these sacred, awe-inspiring Peaks have.
We would like to honor the citizens who relentlessly wrote comments, came to marches and rallies, dedicated their thoughts and prayers, donated money, and stood up publicly for the Peaks. From Japan to Flagstaff and France to Massachusetts, this decision represents the concerns of world citizens and is a cornerstone in the palace of justice.”
The Appeals Court decision states that the Supreme Court has repeatedly held that the constitution “affirmatively mandates accommodation, not merely tolerance, of all religions, and forbids hostility toward any….declining to authorize the use of treated sewage effluent…is a permitted accommodation to avoid ‘callous indifference.’”
The decision also poignantly illustrates the unmet environmental need as mandated by the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA). The Forest Service “does not address as an environmental impact the risk to human health from the possible ingestion of artificial snow made from treated sewage effluent.”
Many of the speakers at the press conference acknowledged that there are many threatened sacred sites throughout this country.
Coconino High School student Alberta Nells of the Youth of the Peaks stated, “This mountain is our mother, she is our grandparent and we're the children, the grandchildren, we hear it in our songs, in our prayers and now we can leave from this area knowing that we have made a difference in this world today. Now we can continue to walk life in beauty.”
Alberta Nells shared a story about how a schoolteacher came up to her and said, "There is justice out there, sometimes you have to go out looking for it.”
You can read the whole ruling on our website www.savethepeaks.org.
###
Note to editors: Photos are available at www.savethepeaks.org
HTML Attachment [ Scan and Save to Computer Save to Yahoo! Briefcase ]
Landmark Ruling Celebrated as a Victory for Religious Freedom, Environmental Justice & Cultural Survival
Flagstaff, AZ -- On Monday, March 12th the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals issued its ruling to protect a mountain held holy by more than 13 Native American Nations. The slopes of the San Francisco Peaks, located in Northern Arizona, have been at the center of a historical and lengthy battle that has pitted economic interests on public lands against environmental integrity, public health and cultural survival..A local ski resort planned to expand and use treated waste effluent to make snow.
Yesterday, a federal court appeals panel issued the unanimous decision written by Judge William A. Fletcher. "We reverse the decision of the district court in part. We hold that the Forest Service’s approval of the Snowbowl’s use of recycled sewage effluent to make artificial snow on the San Francisco Peaks violates [Religious Freedom Restoration Act] RFRA, and that in one respect the Final Environmental Impact Statement prepared in this case does not comply with NEPA [National Environmental Policy Act]."
More than 100 supporters gathered at an afternoon press conference near the base of the Sacred Peaks to celebrate. Tribal Leaders, Environmental Groups and representatives of the community based group the Save the Peaks Coalition spoke of the victory.
“This is a very important decision that sets great precedent for people who are concerned with Native American rights and religious freedom” said Howard Shanker, of the Shanker Law Firm, PLC, representing the Navajo Nation, the White Mountain Apache Tribe, the Yavapai-Apache Tribe, the Havasupai Tribe, Rex Tilousi, Dianna Uqualla, the Sierra Club, the Center for Biological Diversity, and the Flagstaff Activist Network.
“Because of this decision in the 9th circuit, other tribes throughout the nation could have the ability to rely on this case to help protect sites that are sacred to them and culturally and religiously important” Mr. Shanker said.
Mr. Shanker stated “the other thing that this court recognized in this decision which is important for all of us in Arizona is the fact that A+ treated water is not potable water. You can’t drink it.”
The 64 page ruling also states, "If Appellants do not have a valid RFRA claim in this case, we are unable to see how any Native American plaintiff can ever have a successful RFRA claim based on beliefs and practices tied to land that they hold sacred."
Ben Navumsa, Chairman of the Hopi Tribe stated, “The Hopi Tribe is immensely gratified by the 9th circuit decision, which explicitly recognizes the Hopi Tribes deep spiritual, traditional and cultural connection to the SF peaks which we call Nuvatukaovi.”
“The making of snow with sewage on the home of the Kachinas was a dire threat to the centuries old link between Kachina, Nuvatukaovi and the Hopi. The 9th Circuit Decision recognizes the importance of the Hopi’s bond to the mountain and protects that bond. In so doing, the decision of the court ensures Hopi people’s ability to continue their way of life.” stated Hopi Chairman Mr. Navumsa.
Jamie Fulmer, Chairman of the Yavapai Apache tribe stated, “We are gratified to learn that the appeal has been won. The San Francisco Peaks are a sacred mountain to us as we testified during the appeals hearing. We are honored to know that our native voice is still heard.”
“This decision by the federal appeals court tells us that even in the current environment of development at all costs the United States appeals process stands for justice and the American justice system is capable of doing what is right when the facts are fully known. This is not just a victory for our elders and tribal traditions, but for all people of faith across the country. This confirms to us that when a few stand up for what is right everyone benefits.” Mr. Fulmer stated.
Navajo Nation President Joe Shirley Jr. stated, “What I think this ultimately means is that it goes towards that, preserving our way of life, preserving my prayer, my sacred song, my sacred sites, my mother – the San Francisco Peaks. Years have been added to my life. I can’t express how happy I am. As a people, we’re elated.”
Judge William A. Fletcher states, “We are unwilling to hold that authorizing the use of artificial snow at an already functioning commercial ski area in order to expand and improve its facilities, as well as to extend its ski season in dry years, is a governmental interest ‘of the highest order.’”
Rudy Preston of the Flagstaff Activist Network stated, “Snowbowl tried to push for too much. We knew that the lower court ruling was wrong and we are grateful that the 9th Circuit recognized that too. We have no intentions of closing down the ski area, if Snowbowl can’t manage their resort than maybe they’re in the wrong business.”
“Snowbowl’s economic arguments have been completely shattered. The court decision clearly states that Snowbowl will not go out of business if it continues to rely on natural snow. The courts and the Forest Service EIS and the Courts recognized that the ski area is not a significant driver of the winter economy of the small city of Flagstaff” stated Mr. Preston.
Klee Benally, a volunteer with the Save the Peaks Coalition said, “This has been a struggle that has created painful division in our community. The actions of the Forest Service and Snowbowl have created many wounds, but today we can say lets let the wounds heal. We recognize this ruling upholds human rights that we have been denied for too long. We urge Snowbowl and the Forest Service to respect the ruling that has been issued by the 9th Circuit Court and not appeal.”
Carly Long, of the Flagstaff Activist Network said, “Today is a triumph in the face of the ever present threats to cultural and environmental justice and heritage. The Peaks represent and hold different meaning for all people, but it is and has been evident how much support these sacred, awe-inspiring Peaks have.
We would like to honor the citizens who relentlessly wrote comments, came to marches and rallies, dedicated their thoughts and prayers, donated money, and stood up publicly for the Peaks. From Japan to Flagstaff and France to Massachusetts, this decision represents the concerns of world citizens and is a cornerstone in the palace of justice.”
The Appeals Court decision states that the Supreme Court has repeatedly held that the constitution “affirmatively mandates accommodation, not merely tolerance, of all religions, and forbids hostility toward any….declining to authorize the use of treated sewage effluent…is a permitted accommodation to avoid ‘callous indifference.’”
The decision also poignantly illustrates the unmet environmental need as mandated by the National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA). The Forest Service “does not address as an environmental impact the risk to human health from the possible ingestion of artificial snow made from treated sewage effluent.”
Many of the speakers at the press conference acknowledged that there are many threatened sacred sites throughout this country.
Coconino High School student Alberta Nells of the Youth of the Peaks stated, “This mountain is our mother, she is our grandparent and we're the children, the grandchildren, we hear it in our songs, in our prayers and now we can leave from this area knowing that we have made a difference in this world today. Now we can continue to walk life in beauty.”
Alberta Nells shared a story about how a schoolteacher came up to her and said, "There is justice out there, sometimes you have to go out looking for it.”
You can read the whole ruling on our website www.savethepeaks.org.
###
Note to editors: Photos are available at www.savethepeaks.org
HTML Attachment [ Scan and Save to Computer Save to Yahoo! Briefcase ]
Derechos Humanos: Stop the Raids!
Please try to support this response to the repressive raids that have been sweeping our communities!
Media Contacts: Lina Guerra: (520)-204-6929
Tochtli Barrios TierrayLibertad13@hotmail.com
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
STOP THE RAIDS! STOP THE MURDERS! STOP THE WAR AGAINST MIGRANTS!
The US government continues targeting migrant communities. Nationally, raids have abducted, kidnapped, and detained a record 26,500 people across the United States by federal authorities (source: Washington- AFP, 2/18/07). This is not acceptable! Families are separated and communities are living in fear and terror.
Along the US-Mexico border, in Fiscal Year 2005, there were a record-breaking 473 migrant deaths at the US-Mexico border; over 260 were on the Arizona border (source: Migration Information Source). O n January 13, 2007, 22 year-old Francisco Dominguez of Puebla, Mexico, was shot to death by an unidentified Border Patrol agent in Naco, AZ. (source: Tucson Citizen)
We are witnessing heightened repression and violence against our communities. These are not isolated events, but rather part of a systematic, nationally coordinated effort to terrorize migrant communities. We do not accept these attacks!
We are holding a press conference denouncing all raids and murders!
Stop the Raids!
Border Patrol out of our Communities!
Press Conference
Who: Land and Freedom Organization
Date: Wednesday March 14th
Time: 6 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Place: Rudy Garcia Park (6th Ave. & Irvington ) Tucson, AZ
WE CALL FOR:
· an immediate end to all raids, kidnappings, deportations, and murders of our people!
· the release of all migrant prisoners and the dismantling of all immigration detention centers!
· an end to border militarization! We call for the withdrawal of all border patrol, homeland security, and armed forces from the US-Mexico border!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tierra y Libertad / Land and Freedom:
Alto a las Redadas!
¡Migra fuera de nuestras Comunidades! Conferencia de Prensa:
Miercoles 14 de Marzo
6 p.m. a 7 p.m.
Lugar: Parque Rudy Garcia (6th Ave. & Irvington) Tucson, AZ
Recientes redadas de inmigración y asesinatos en la frontera continuan aterrorizando a nuestra comunidad y separando a nuestras familias.
HACEMOS UN LLAMADO PARA:
· un alto inmediato a las redadas, secuestros, deportaciones, y asesinatos de nuestra gente!
· la libertad de todos los migrantes detenidos y el cierre de cada centro de detención!
· un alto a la militarización de la frontera!
Media Contacts: Lina Guerra: (520)-204-6929
Tochtli Barrios TierrayLibertad13@hotmail.com
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE:
STOP THE RAIDS! STOP THE MURDERS! STOP THE WAR AGAINST MIGRANTS!
The US government continues targeting migrant communities. Nationally, raids have abducted, kidnapped, and detained a record 26,500 people across the United States by federal authorities (source: Washington- AFP, 2/18/07). This is not acceptable! Families are separated and communities are living in fear and terror.
Along the US-Mexico border, in Fiscal Year 2005, there were a record-breaking 473 migrant deaths at the US-Mexico border; over 260 were on the Arizona border (source: Migration Information Source). O n January 13, 2007, 22 year-old Francisco Dominguez of Puebla, Mexico, was shot to death by an unidentified Border Patrol agent in Naco, AZ. (source: Tucson Citizen)
We are witnessing heightened repression and violence against our communities. These are not isolated events, but rather part of a systematic, nationally coordinated effort to terrorize migrant communities. We do not accept these attacks!
We are holding a press conference denouncing all raids and murders!
Stop the Raids!
Border Patrol out of our Communities!
Press Conference
Who: Land and Freedom Organization
Date: Wednesday March 14th
Time: 6 p.m. to 7 p.m.
Place: Rudy Garcia Park (6th Ave. & Irvington ) Tucson, AZ
WE CALL FOR:
· an immediate end to all raids, kidnappings, deportations, and murders of our people!
· the release of all migrant prisoners and the dismantling of all immigration detention centers!
· an end to border militarization! We call for the withdrawal of all border patrol, homeland security, and armed forces from the US-Mexico border!
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
Tierra y Libertad / Land and Freedom:
Alto a las Redadas!
¡Migra fuera de nuestras Comunidades! Conferencia de Prensa:
Miercoles 14 de Marzo
6 p.m. a 7 p.m.
Lugar: Parque Rudy Garcia (6th Ave. & Irvington) Tucson, AZ
Recientes redadas de inmigración y asesinatos en la frontera continuan aterrorizando a nuestra comunidad y separando a nuestras familias.
HACEMOS UN LLAMADO PARA:
· un alto inmediato a las redadas, secuestros, deportaciones, y asesinatos de nuestra gente!
· la libertad de todos los migrantes detenidos y el cierre de cada centro de detención!
· un alto a la militarización de la frontera!
Western Shoshone: Hold Canada's gold mining corporations accountable
GOLD MINING CORES OUT MOUNTAINS: Photo: Newmont gold mining on Western Shoshone land/Project UndergroundWestern Shoshone: Hold Canada's gold mining coporations accountable
This is ground breaking news – the first time a United Nations Treaty Body has addressed government accountability to its Corporate profiteering of ongoing human rights violations against indigenous peoples. Thanks to First Peoples Human Rights Coalition for putting together the following release – and to International Indian Treaty Council, Indigenous Network on Economies and Trade, Univ. of Arizona Indigenous Peoples Law and Policy Program and many other distinguished and articulate communities and organizations for their leadership and amazing work in focusing United Nations attention to the role being played by the transnational corporations and their continued violations of indigenous rights to spirituality, health and self-governance.
In Western Shoshone territory alone, Canadian transnationals are having a devastating impact – see the attached report, highlighting the ongoing activities of Barrick Gold Corporation in particular, as well as other Canadian transnationals and junior companies.
No more impunity – Accountability for spiritual, environmental and human rights violations will prevail.
Western Shoshone Defense Project
P.O. Box 211308
Crescent Valley, NV 89821
775-468-0230
775-468-0237 (fax)
www.wsdp.org
wsdp@igc.org
-----Original Message-----From: First Peoples Human Rights Coalition [mailto:firstpeoplesrights@earthlink.net] Sent: Saturday, March 10, 2007 6:22 PMTo: firstpeoplesrights@earthlink.netSubject: A step towards accountability
In February, the Western Shoshone exercised their right to represent themselves on an international level, by submitting a ‘shadow report’ [attached] to the United Nations Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (CERD) in Geneva . Several other articulate Indigenous groups also submitted reports to the Committee, all regarding human rights responsibilities of the government of Canada .
The Western Shoshone report emphasized that the actions and policies of transnational corporations registered in Canada were causing adverse effects on the human rights of the Western Shoshone in the United States , as well as the human rights of other Indigenous peoples in countries all over the world.
The report further specified various human rights being undermined or violated, including the Western Shoshone’s right to practice their own culture, to preserve their prayer places, their right to their own means of subsistence, their right to health, their right to own and control their own lands and resources, to food that has not been contaminated, to water that is drinkable, and to a safe and healthy environment.
From the Western Shoshone Defense Project report: “Based on Canada’s obligations to respect, protect and promote the rights of all peoples, we request that this Committee … take appropriate measures to ensure that Canadian transnational behavior on indigenous lands does not contribute to ongoing violations against the Western Shoshone or other indigenous peoples outside of Canada’s borders.”
The Committee recognized the importance of the reports, including additional reports from non-Indigenous support groups. From the concluding observations of the CERD Committee:
17. The Committee notes with concern the reports of adverse effects of economic activities connected with the exploitation of natural resources in countries outside Canada by transnational corporations registered in Canada on the right to land, health, living environment and the way of life of indigenous peoples living in these regions …
… the Committee encourages the State party to take appropriate legislative or administrative measures to prevent acts of transnational corporations registered in Canada which negatively impact on the enjoyment of rights of indigenous peoples in territories outside Canada. In particular, the Committee recommends to the State party that it explore ways to hold transnational corporations registered in Canada accountable. The Committee requests the State party to include in its next periodic report information on the effects of activities of transnational corporations registered in Canada on indigenous peoples abroad and on any measures taken in this regard.
All shadow reports to the CERD Committee regarding Canada can be found at: http://www.ohchr.org/english/bodies/cerd/cerds70-ngos-canada.htm
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